Fluctuating internal states mediate neural–behavioral covariations in V1

Nature Neuroscience, Published online: 13 May 2026; doi:10.1038/s41593-026-02296-y

The authors report surprising covariations between subthreshold activity of single V1 neurons and behavior, demonstrating that interactions between external sensory inputs and internal states are implemented by a nonlinear modulatory signal in V1.