Circuit response to neuromodulation characterized with simultaneous deep brain stimulation and precision neuroimaging in humans

Nature Neuroscience, Published online: 13 March 2026; doi:10.1038/s41593-026-02228-w

Using a 3-T MRI-compatible deep brain stimulation (DBS) system, Ren at al. densely sampled longitudinal, multimodal neuroimaging data from patients with Parkinson’s disease across multiple stimulation conditions spanning a year, mapping circuit-specific DBS-induced responses.